化学
胺化
三氟甲基
亲核芳香族取代
二甲基亚砜
催化作用
苯酚
哌啶
产量(工程)
亲核细胞
有机化学
药物化学
溶剂
环己胺
亲核取代
苯胺
组合化学
烷基
材料科学
冶金
作者
Sümeyye Yalduz,Öznur Eyilcim,Nazlıcan Kılıç,Sevinç Gülyüz,Onuralp Denizoğlu,Yunus Zorlu,Erkan Ertürk
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00220
摘要
Having aimed at developing alternative pathways for the synthesis of the antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine, our efforts led to the development of two complementary methods for nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reaction of chloropyridines with amines, i.e. aniline, piperidine, cyclohexylamine, and propargylamine. One of which is deemed to be DMSO-promoted through solvent effect, whereas the other method employs 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenol as the catalyst. In the former case, the quantity of DMSO used was found to be crucial for attaining high yields. A 1.00 equiv amount of DMSO was determined to be the optimum for achieving the highest yield. In the latter case, however, a catalytic amount of 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenol (50–40 mol %) was found to be effective on SNAr with a high level of activity, thereby delivering the corresponding aminopyridines in yields up to 98%. Experimental results and X-ray crystallography suggest that an addition–elimination mechanism takes place for the latter.
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