有效载荷(计算)
超声波传感器
智能材料
声流
计算机科学
不透明度
超声波
纳米技术
化学
声学
物理
材料科学
计算机网络
光学
网络数据包
作者
Athanasios G. Athanassiadis,Zhichao Ma,Nicolas Moreno‐Gomez,Kai Melde,Eun‐Mi Choi,Rahul Goyal,Peer Fischer
出处
期刊:Chemical Reviews
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2021-11-12
卷期号:122 (5): 5165-5208
被引量:86
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00622
摘要
Smart materials can respond to stimuli and adapt their responses based on external cues from their environments. Such behavior requires a way to transport energy efficiently and then convert it for use in applications such as actuation, sensing, or signaling. Ultrasound can carry energy safely and with low losses through complex and opaque media. It can be localized to small regions of space and couple to systems over a wide range of time scales. However, the same characteristics that allow ultrasound to propagate efficiently through materials make it difficult to convert acoustic energy into other useful forms. Recent work across diverse fields has begun to address this challenge, demonstrating ultrasonic effects that provide control over physical and chemical systems with surprisingly high specificity. Here, we review recent progress in ultrasound-matter interactions, focusing on effects that can be incorporated as components in smart materials. These techniques build on fundamental phenomena such as cavitation, microstreaming, scattering, and acoustic radiation forces to enable capabilities such as actuation, sensing, payload delivery, and the initiation of chemical or biological processes. The diversity of emerging techniques holds great promise for a wide range of smart capabilities supported by ultrasound and poses interesting questions for further investigations.
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