微泡
负染色法
外体
透射电子显微镜
电子显微镜
染色
小泡
生物物理学
显微镜
细胞生物学
电子断层摄影术
纳米粒子跟踪分析
形态学(生物学)
化学
扫描透射电子显微镜
超微结构
纳米技术
生物
材料科学
病理
生物化学
解剖
光学
医学
小RNA
膜
物理
基因
遗传学
作者
Min Kyo Jung,Ji Young Mun
摘要
Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles secreted by body fluids and are known to represent the characteristics of cells that secrete them. The contents and morphology of the secreted vesicles reflect cell behavior or physiological status, for example cell growth, migration, cleavage, and death. The exosomes' role may depend highly on size, and the size of exosomes varies from 30 to 300 nm. The most widely used method for exosome imaging is negative staining, while other results are based on Cryo-Transmission Electron Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Atomic Force Microscopy. The typical exosome's morphology assessed through negative staining is a cup-shape, but further details are not yet clear. An exosome well-characterized through structural study is necessary particular in medical and pharmaceutical fields. Therefore, function-dependent morphology should be verified by electron microscopy techniques such as labeling a specific protein in the detailed structure of exosome. To observe detailed structure, ultrathin sectioned images and negative stained images of exosomes were compared. In this protocol, we suggest transmission electron microscopy for the imaging of exosomes including negative staining, whole mount immuno-staining, block preparation, thin section, and immuno-gold labelling.
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