内吞作用
小干扰RNA
纳米载体
内体
基因沉默
RNA干扰
细胞生物学
细胞
生物
化学
核糖核酸
细胞内
药物输送
生物化学
基因
有机化学
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.addr.2016.08.004
摘要
siRNA is considered as a potent therapeutic agent because of its high specificity and efficiency in suppressing genes that are overexpressed during disease development. For nearly two decades, a significant amount of efforts has been dedicated to bringing the siRNA technology into clinical uses. However, only limited success has been achieved to date, largely due to the lack of a cell type-specific, safe, and efficient delivery technology to carry siRNA into the target cells' cytosol where RNA interference takes place. Among the emerging candidate nanocarriers for siRNA delivery, peptides have gained popularity because of their structural and functional diversity. A variety of peptides have been discovered for their ability to translocate siRNA into living cells via different mechanisms such as direct penetration through the cellular membrane, endocytosis-mediated cell entry followed by endosomolysis, and receptor-mediated uptake. This review is focused on the multiple roles played by peptides in siRNA delivery, such as membrane penetration, endosome disruption, targeting, as well as the combination of these functionalities.
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