Electrodynamic Modeling of Quantum Dot Luminescence in Plasmonic Metamaterials

A self-consistent approach is proposed to simulate a coupled system of quantum dots (QDs) and metallic metamaterials. Using a four-level atomic system, an artificial source is introduced to simulate the spontaneous emission process in the QDs. We numerically show that the metamaterials can lead to multifold enhancement and spectral narrowing of photoluminescence from QDs. These results are consistent with recent experimental studies. The proposed method represents an essential step for developing and understanding a metamaterial system with gain medium inclusions.