Enhancing Unconventional Reservoir Development Through Low‐Frequency Distributed Acoustic Sensing Technology

Low-frequency distributed acoustic sensing (LF-DAS) is a recent technology that utilizes fiber-optic cables as a distributed sensor array to monitor strain changes in the subsurface with high spatial and temporal resolution. This review starts with an introduction of LF-DAS and its advantages for subsurface imaging, followed by discussions on deployment methods of sensing cables, qualitative interpretations of LF-DAS data for various oil-field applications, geomechanics modeling, and quantitative investigation. We also delve into the emerging use of Rayleigh frequency shift (RFS)-based distributed fiber-optic strain sensing (DSS) technology for strain monitoring during production. This chapter highlights the advancements made in the use of LF-DAS technology and its value in enhancing our understanding of subsurface processes in oil-field applications and beyond. It also emphasizes the ongoing research efforts and prospects for LF-DAS, making it a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners in the field of geosciences.