假电容
超级电容器
电容
材料科学
电极
杂原子
储能
电解质
碳纤维
化学工程
纳米技术
微型多孔材料
氧气
活性炭
多孔性
电化学
功率密度
比能量
比表面积
电流密度
球体
光电子学
复合材料
化学
复合数
有机化学
戒指(化学)
功率(物理)
物理化学
工程类
物理
量子力学
作者
Shaobo Liu,Qing Han,Chao Yang,Hongjian Li,Hui Xia,Jianfei Zhou,Xiaoliang Liu
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.059
摘要
Carbon materials modified with pores and heteroatoms have been pursued as promising electrode for supercapacitors due to the synergic storage of electric double-layer capacitance (EDLC) and pseudocapacitance. A vital problem that the actual effect of pores and heteroatoms on energy storage varies with the carbon matrix used presents in numerous carbon electrodes, but is ignored greatly, which limits their sufficient utilization. Moreover, most of modified carbon electrodes still suffer from severe capacitance degeneration under high mass load caused by the blocked surface and inaccessible bulk phase. Here, we shape an interconnected hollow carbon sphere (HCS) as the matrix by regulating and selectively-etching low molecular weight component in the inhomogeneous precursors, accompanied with the decoration of rich oxygen groups (15.9at%) and micropores (centering at 0.6-1.4 nm). Finite-element calculation and energy storage kinetics reveal the modified HCS electrode exposes accessible dual active surface with highly-matched electrons and ions for pores and oxygen groups to improve both EDLC and pseudocapacitance. Under a commercial-level load of 11.2 mg cm-2, the HCS exhibits a high specific capacitance of 288.3 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1, performing a retention of 91.8% relative to 314 F g-1 under 2.8 mg cm-2 load, applicable for solar charging station to efficiently drive portable electronics.
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