SPICE macro model for the simulation of zener diode current-voltage characteristics

Abstract It is shown how the existing SPICE diode model (Antognetti and Massobrio 1988) is inadequate to represent the current-voltage (l-V) characteristics of the zener diode and describes a new macro model that yields accurate performance of l-V reverse characteristics, with temperature effects. The focus is on the model structure and calculations of the necessary parameters. An example is given to illustrate the simulation result by using the SPICE diode model and the macro model approaches.