Reconstructing Vanadium Oxide with Anisotropic Pathways for a Durable and Fast Aqueous K-Ion Battery

材料科学 电解质 阳极 阴极 电池(电) 氧化钒 电极 化学工程 水溶液 氧化物 离子 电化学 溶解 离子电导率 容量损失 纳米技术 化学 冶金 物理化学 功率(物理) 有机化学 工程类 物理 量子力学
作者
Guojin Liang,Zhongdong Gan,Xiaoqi Wang,Jinkai Xu,Bangshu Xiong,Xiankun Zhang,Shimou Chen,Yanlei Wang,Hongyan He,Zhi Chen
出处
期刊:ACS Nano [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:15 (11): 17717-17728 被引量:30
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsnano.1c05678
摘要

Aqueous potassium-ion batteries are long-term pursued, due to their excellent performance and intrinsic superiority in safe, low-cost storage for portable and grid-scale applications. However, the notorious issues of K-ion battery chemistry are the inferior cycling stability and poor rate performance, due to the inevitably destabilization of the crystal structure caused by K-ions with pronouncedly large ionic radius. Here, we resolve such issues by reconstructing commercial vanadium oxide (α-V2O5) into the bronze form, i.e., δ-K0.5V2O5 (KVO) nanobelts, as cathode materials with layered structure of enlarged space and anisotropic pathways for K-ion storage. Specifically, it can deliver a high capacity as 116 mAh g-1 at the 1 C-rate, an outstanding rate capacity of 65 mAh g-1 at 50 C, and a robust cyclic stability with 88.2% capacity retention after 1,000 cycles at 1 C. When coupled with organic anode in a full-cell configuration, the KVO electrodes can output 95 mAh g-1 at 1 C and cyclic stability with 77.3% capacity retention after 20,000 cycles at 10 C. According to experimental and calculational results, the ultradurable cyclic performance is assigned to the robust structural reversibility of the KVO electrode, and the ultrahigh-rate capability is attributed to the anisotropic pathways with improved electrical conductivity in KVO nanobelts. In addition, applying a 22 M KCF3SO3 water-in-salt electrolyte can impede the dissolving issues of the KVO electrode and further stabilize the battery cyclic performance. Lastly, the as-designed AKIBs can operate with superior low-temperature adaptivity even at -30 °C. Overall, the KVO electrode can serve as a paradigm toward developing more suitable electrode materials for high-performance AKIBs.
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