Multi-grayscale driving system for passive-matrix alternating current electroluminescence display

Alternating current electroluminescence (ACEL) has great potential in flexible displays, especially in textile displays. However, since ACEL needs high-frequency, high-voltage AC signal to drive, there remains no driving scheme for pixelated ACEL display to achieve multiple gray scales. In this work, a driving scheme based on full-bridge inverters is proposed for passive-matrix ACEL (PMACEL) display, which achieves multiple gray scales by changing the duty cycle of the square wave. A single-pixel ACEL displaying 16 gray levels (4 bits) and a 5 × 8 fabric PMACEL displaying eight gray levels are demonstrated, enabling flexible ACEL devices to exhibit more vivid tones on a fabric substrate.