Measuring Metaphors and Bizarreness in Free Speech of Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis

Metaphor is fundamental to language, including both idioms and conceptual metaphors. Here, in a large cohort of schizophrenia (SZ) and clinical high risk (CHR) patients, and healthy controls (HC), we used algorithms for automated metaphor detection to establish metaphor use and algorithms for bizarreness/perplexity, to assess the nature of metaphor.