A review on the modified red mud for biomass catalytic pyrolysis: Preparation, mechanisms and perspectives

This paper reviews the most recent developments in modified rem mud (RM) catalytic biomass pyrolysis. The preparation of modified RM and the different types of biomass pyrolysis are discussed, as well as the mechanisms of RM catalysis affecting the end products of biomass pyrolysis. The modified RM may effectively stimulate the cleavage of macromolecules during biomass pyrolysis and enhance the quality of pyrolysis products because it has an extensive specific surface area and acidic sites. The Fe2O3 of RM promotes demethylation, demethoxylation and cracking of long chain hydrocarbons in biomass to increase H2 and CH4 yield. In addition, the suggestion of using modified RM to enhance the co-pyrolysis of waste plastic and biomass with CO2-assisted is proposed, which can realize the resource utilization of RM and CO2. This review aims to provide some references for subsequent related research in RM for promoting co-pyrolysis of organic solid waste and CO2 utilization.