无定形冰
材料科学
化学物理
成核
纳米尺度
冰晶
无定形固体
纳米晶材料
冰核
结晶学
透明冰
纳米技术
海冰
化学
地质学
冰层
光学
物理
海洋学
有机化学
南极海冰
作者
Minyoung Lee,Sang Yup Lee,Min‐Ho Kang,Tae Kyung Won,Sungsu Kang,Joodeok Kim,Jungwon Park,Dong June Ahn
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-45234-x
摘要
Abstract Ice crystals at low temperatures exhibit structural polymorphs including hexagonal ice, cubic ice, or a hetero-crystalline mixture of the two phases. Despite the significant implications of structure-dependent roles of ice, mechanisms behind the growths of each polymorph have been difficult to access quantitatively. Using in-situ cryo-electron microscopy and computational ice-dynamics simulations, we directly observe crystalline ice growth in an amorphous ice film of nanoscale thickness, which exhibits three-dimensional ice nucleation and subsequent two-dimensional ice growth. We reveal that nanoscale ice crystals exhibit polymorph-dependent growth kinetics, while hetero-crystalline ice exhibits anisotropic growth, with accelerated growth occurring at the prismatic planes. Fast-growing facets are associated with low-density interfaces that possess higher surface energy, driving tetrahedral ordering of interfacial H 2 O molecules and accelerating ice growth. These findings, based on nanoscale observations, improve our understanding on early stages of ice formation and mechanistic roles of the ice interface.
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