SOLVENT EXCHANGE ON METAL IONS

This chapter discusses the solvent exchange on metal ions. The solvent exchange is divided into categories of metal ions. The first category includes the main group ions that exhibit in general, for a given ionic charge, increasing exchange-rate constants with increasing ionic radius. The second category is the d-transition metal ions. Their solvent-exchange properties are strongly influenced by the electronic occupancy of their d orbitals. The third category is the high coordination number lanthanides and actinides. This chapter describes the main features of solvent exchange on metal, taking into account developments and new results from the past 10 years. Only a few experimental techniques are available to measure solvent-exchange rate constants directly. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has shown the widest range of applications. Most exchange-rate constants given in this chapter are determined by NMR using a variety of specific methods. A common method is the observation of NMR lineshape.