微塑料
非生物成分
生物放大
食物链
营养水平
生物群
生物累积
生态学
有机体
生物圈
生物地球化学循环
生物成分
环境科学
生物
古生物学
作者
Danlian Huang,Haojie Chen,Maocai Shen,Jiang Tao,Sha Chen,Lingshi Yin,Wei Zhou,Xinya Wang,Ruihao Xiao,Ruijin Li
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129515
摘要
Plastics enter the environment and break up into microplastics (MPs) and even nanoplastics (NPs) by biotic and abiotic weathering. These small particles are widely distributed in the environmental media and extremely mobile and reactive, easily suspending in the air, infiltrating into the soil, and interacting with biota. Current research on MPs/NPs is either in the abiotic or biotic compartments, with little attention paid to the fact that the biosphere as a whole. To better understand the complex and continuous movement of plastics from biological to planetary scales, this review firstly discusses the transport processes and drivers of microplastics in the macroscopic compartment. We then summarize insightfully the uptake pathways of MPs/NPs by different species in the ecological compartment and analyze the internalization mechanisms of NPs in the organism. Finally, we highlight the bioaccumulation potential, biomagnification effects and trophic transfer of MPs/NPs in the food chain. This work is expected to provide a meaningful theoretical body of knowledge for understanding the biogeochemical cycles of plastics.
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