Physico-mechanical and biological evaluation of an injectable m-TG cross-linked thrombin loaded amended gelatin hemostat to heal liver trauma

Free flow hemostatic agents are dominating over non-flowable hemostats due to their ability to cover asymmetrical wound surfaces of any depth and easily remove excess materials with irrigation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the activation of a coagulation system both in vitro and in vivo. We assessed detailed physical characteristics of a microbial transglutaminase (m-TG) crosslinked thrombin (TB) laden Gelatin (Gel) hemostat sealant in vitro and its hemostatic efficacy for controlling bleeding caused by liver trauma in rats as well as its efficacy for organ regeneration after making a critical defect. The prepared hemostat gel showed almost seven times higher absorbance behavior than a negative control. Thrombogenicity of the prepared gel was determined based on platelet adhesion, whole blood clotting time, and total blood absorption behavior. In vivo blood absorption and hematological parameters were determined in an animal model after implantation. The prepared gel was able to lead to a fast post-operative recovery with a blood absorption at wound defect. High speed of homeostasis was achieved by a fast clotting time in about 1 min.