材料科学
爆燃
蒸发
光热治疗
碳纤维
化学工程
氧化石墨
石墨
纳米技术
石墨烯
氧化物
纳米材料
复合材料
爆炸物
起爆
有机化学
化学
冶金
工程类
物理
复合数
热力学
作者
Haifeng Yang,Guangcheng Yang,Zhiqiang Qiao,Hebin Bao,Songtao Zhang,Xueming Li,Yousong Liu
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.0c06233
摘要
Solar water evaporation is a promising and environment-friendly approach to relieve global water scarcity issues. Currently, many reports show that the voids and porous structure are beneficial to the absorption of solar energy to generate water steam. Herein, carbon nanospheres with central cavity structures are rationally designed by the one-step NaN3/fluorinated graphite deflagration method. The Na clusters derived from NaN3 deflagration are not only provided as the hollow templates but also react with fluorinated graphite to release heat, further boosting the formation of hollow carbon nanospheres (HCSs). Benefiting from the diversity of carbon nanomaterials, rough surface, unique hollow structures, and numerous micron/submicron holes, the light absorption ability, heat localization, and water supply capacity of HCSs have been significantly enhanced. Because of these advantages, the HCS-3 exhibits an excellent water evaporation efficiency of 92.7% at 1 kW m–2, which is much higher than that of carbon nanospheres, graphene oxide, and even most of the previous carbon materials. In addition, we demonstrated that the HCSs have a long-term stability and high efficiency of production of drinkable water and purifying various types of wastewater, including seawater, strong acid/alkaline water, and water containing dyes. To sum up, the deflagration synthetic technology as a facile and ultrafast process can be a new insight for future photothermal material design.
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