Metabolic trade-offs in Desulfosporosus meridiei : dose-dependent FeS nanoparticles modulate extracellular electron transfer and gene expression for mineral transformation

-driven electron flux under FeS stress. This adaptive strategy underscored SRB's resilience in FeS-rich environments while highlighting dose-dependent bifurcations in mineral transformation pathways. This study provided a new insight into manipulating SRB-dominated biogeochemical processes by controlling FeS NPs dose.