Electroacupuncture Mediates Fat Metabolism and Autophagy via a Sirt3‐Dependent Mechanism in Mice Fed High‐Fat Diet

Abstract This study investigates the therapeutic potential of electroacupuncture (EA) on obesity, focusing on its influence on autophagy and energy metabolism, utilizing a high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced mouse model. Treatment with EA significantly reduces body weight, fat deposition, and lipid accumulation in HFD‐fed mice. Additionally, EA effectively ameliorates metabolic imbalances, reducing blood glucose levels and plasma markers of liver function. At the molecular level, EA enhances the expression of thermogenesis‐associated genes in brown adipose tissue and decreases p53 expression, suggesting a decrease in apoptosis. Autophagy in white adipose tissue is inhibited by EA, as demonstrated by the suppression of key autophagy‐related proteins. Further experiments highlight the critical role of Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) in EA's anti‐obesity effects. Sirt3 supplementation combined with EA results in reduced body weight, fat deposition, and lipid accumulation, along with modulations in key metabolic indicators. Moreover, EA's modulatory effect on uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1), Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1‐alpha (Pgc‐1α), and p53 is found to be Sirt3 dependent. In conclusion, EA exerts beneficial effects against obesity through Sirt3‐dependent modulation of autophagy and energy metabolism, indicating a potential therapeutic approach for obesity and related metabolic disorders.