电解质
阳极
电化学
材料科学
电导率
阴极
离子电导率
电化学窗口
膜
锂(药物)
离子运输机
化学工程
极化(电化学)
离子
无机化学
化学
电极
工程类
医学
内分泌学
生物化学
物理化学
有机化学
作者
Zhengyuan Tu,Snehashis Choudhury,Michael J. Zachman,Shuya Wei,Kaihang Zhang,Lena F. Kourkoutis,Lynden A. Archer
出处
期刊:Joule
[Elsevier]
日期:2017-10-01
卷期号:1 (2): 394-406
被引量:203
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.joule.2017.06.002
摘要
Substrates able to rectify transport of ions based on charge and/or size are ubiquitous in biological systems. Electrolytes and interphases that selectively transport electrochemically active ions are likewise of broad interest in all electrical energy storage technologies. In lithium-ion batteries, electrolytes with single- or near-single-ion conductivity reduce losses caused by ion polarization. In emergent lithium or sodium metal batteries, they maintain high conductivity at the anode and stabilize metal deposition by fundamental mechanisms. We report that 20- to 300-nm-thick, single-ion-conducting membranes deposited at the anode enable electrolytes with the highest combination of cation transference number, ionic conductivity, and electrochemical stability reported. By means of direct visualization we find that single-ion membranes also reduce dendritic deposition of Li in liquids. Galvanostatic measurements further show that the electrolytes facilitate long (3 mAh) recharge of full Li/LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) cells with high cathode loadings (3 mAh cm−2/19.9 mg cm−2) and at high current densities (3 mA cm−2).
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