Investigation of the tribological mechanisms of TiN-ZrO2-B4C ternary ceramic-reinforced copper-metal matrix composites

The TiN-ZrO2-B4C reinforced Cu-metal matrix composites were prepared using powder metallurgy, and the microstructure, properties, and friction mechanisms were investigated when paired with self-made C/C-SiC materials. Appropriate TiN/ZrO2 ratio (3/5) can enhance the performance of Cu, due to the formation of TiB2 through the diffusion reaction between TiN and B4C, while excessive TiN may weaken it because the continuity of the Cu matrix is destroyed. As the TiN content increases, the Cu-metal matrix composites materials undergo abrasion wear, adhesive and oxidative wear, abrasive and adhesive wear, and adhesive and oxidative wear, respectively. ZrO2 primarily contributes to mean friction coefficient at low braking speed, while TiN at mid and high-speeds, and B4C plays a crucial role in high-speed.