成核
冰核
多孔性
材料科学
化学工程
冷冻干燥
纹理(宇宙学)
流变学
冰晶
组织工程
播种
复合材料
纳米技术
化学
生物医学工程
色谱法
热力学
有机化学
光学
物理
图像(数学)
工程类
人工智能
医学
计算机科学
作者
Jérôme Grenier,Hervé Duval,Pin Lv,Fabrice Barou,Guilcher,Rachida Aid,Bertrand David,Didier Letourneur
出处
期刊:Biomaterials advances
日期:2022-08-01
卷期号:139: 212973-212973
被引量:8
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212973
摘要
Freeze-drying is a process of choice to texture hydrogel scaffolds with pores formed by an ice-templating mechanism. Using state-of-the-art microscopies (cryo-EBSD, μCT, CLSM), this work evidences and quantifies the effect of crosslinking and ice nucleation temperature on the porous structure of thin hydrogel scaffolds freeze-dried at a low cooling rate. We focused on a polysaccharide-based hydrogel and developed specific protocols to monitor or trigger ice nucleation for this study. At a fixed number of intermolecular crosslinks per primary molecule (p = 5), the mean pore size in the dry state decreases linearly from 240 to 170 μm, when ice nucleation temperature decreases from -6 °C to -18 °C. When ice nucleation temperature is fixed at -10 °C, the mean pore size decreases from 250 to 150 μm, as the crosslinking degree increases from p = 3 to p = 7. Scaffold infiltration ability was quantified with synthetic microspheres. The seeding efficiency was assessed with MC3T3-E1 individual cells and HepaRG™ spheroids. These data collapse into a single master curve that exhibits a sharp transition from 100 % to 0 %-efficiency as the entity diameter approaches the mean pore size in the dry state. Altogether, we can thus precisely tune the porosity of these 3D materials of interest for 3D cell culture and cGMP production for tissue engineering.
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