A roadmap of recent advances in MXene@MOF hybrids, its derived composites: Synthesis, properties, and their utilization as an electrode for supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries and electrocatalysis

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are constructed through the self-assembly of metal ions and organic linkers. Over recent decades, MOFs have emerged as highly appealing materials in energy-related applications owing to its exceptional characteristics with high surface area, excellent porous nature, and remarkable tailor ability. However, MOFs often struggle with intrinsic issues like low electronic conductivity and susceptibility to chemical instability, factors that have significantly impeded their scalability and practical utilization. In recent times, MXene has emerged as a promising solution, given its abundant surface terminations and exceptional metallic conductivity, which may improve both the stability and conductivity of pristine MOFs. This review provides a comprehensive summary of preparation approaches for MXene@MOF related composites, encompassing MXene@MOF hybrids, MOF derived materials combined with MXene, and MXene derived materials coupled with MOF derived materials. The multifaceted properties of MXene@MOF derived composites are thoroughly examined. MXenes play a dual role in enhancing the properties of MOFs. On the one hand, they improve the conductivity as well as stability of individual MOFs. On the other hand, they introduce new functionalities, such as serving as templates. These benefits have positioned MXene@MOF derived composites for applications across various domains, including supercapacitors, batteries, and electrocatalysts. Additionally, the review delves into the effect of structural variations on the MXene@MOF derived composites properties. In closing, the authors offer insights into the future opportunities and challenges awaiting exploration in the realm of MXene@MOF derived composites.