染色质
效应器
表观遗传学
组蛋白
表观遗传学
生物
计算生物学
蛋白质组学
功能(生物学)
DNA
遗传学
基因
细胞生物学
基因表达
DNA甲基化
作者
Kierra A. Franklin,Cara E. Shields,Karmella A. Haynes
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.tibs.2022.03.002
摘要
Chromatin is a system of proteins and DNA that regulates chromosome organization and gene expression in eukaryotes. Essential features that support these processes include biochemical marks on histones and DNA, 'writer' enzymes that generate or remove these marks and proteins that translate the marks into transcriptional regulation: reader-effectors. Here, we review recent studies that reveal how reader-effectors drive chromatin-mediated processes. Advances in proteomics and epigenomics have accelerated the discovery of chromatin marks and their correlation with gene states, outpacing our understanding of the corresponding reader-effectors. Therefore, we summarize the current state of knowledge and open questions about how reader-effectors impact cellular function and human disease and discuss how synthetic biology can deepen our knowledge of reader-effector activity.
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