NAD+激酶
磷酸核糖转移酶
烟酰胺磷酸核糖转移酶
生物化学
喹啉酸盐
烟酰胺单核苷酸
辅因子
化学
核苷酸
烟酰胺
酶
立体化学
烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸
次黄嘌呤鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶
氨基酸
色氨酸
突变体
喹啉酸
基因
作者
Giulio Magni,Adolfo Amici,Monica Emanuelli,Nadia Raffaelli,Silverio Ruggieri
出处
期刊:Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology
日期:2006-11-22
卷期号:: 135-182
被引量:111
标识
DOI:10.1002/9780470123195.ch5
摘要
Beyond its role as an essential coenzyme in numerous oxidoreductase reactions as well as respiration, there is growing recognition that NAD+ fulfills many other vital regulatory functions both as a substrate and as an allosteric effector. This review describes the enzymes involved in pyridine nucleotide metabolism, starting with a detailed consideration of the anaerobic and aerobic pathways leading to quinolinate, a key precursor of NAD+. Conversion of quinolinate and 5'-phosphoribosyl-1'-pyrophosphate to NAD+ and diphosphate by phosphoribosyltransferase is then explored before proceeding to a discussion the molecular and kinetic properties of NMN adenylytransferase. The salient features of NAD+ synthetase as well as NAD+ kinase are likewise presented. The remainder of the review encompasses the metabolic steps devoted to (a) the salvaging of various niacin derivatives, including the roles played by NAD+ and NADH pyrophosphatases, nicotinamide deamidase, and NMN deamidase, and (b) utilization of niacins by nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase.
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