Secondary metabolites from the fruit peels of Durio zibethinus L. and their cytotoxic activity

Three new glucosides, ziberthinosides A-C (1-3), and six known compounds, cleomiscosins A-D (4-7), sporogen AO-2 (8) and sapinofuranone A (9), were isolated from a methanol extract of Durio zibethinus fruit peels. Their chemical structures were elucidated by analyses of their 1 D/2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS data as well as by comparison with the literature values. The absolute configuration of sporogen AO-2 (8) was confirmed by ECD calculation. Of the isolates, compounds 8 and 9 were cytotoxic toward all MCF7, HepG2 and SK-LU-1 cell lines, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 10.7 to 34.9 μM. Our results contribute to better understanding of the chemical constituents of the high valued durian fruit and their pharmacological effect, such as cytotoxicity.