TRIM35 negatively regulates TLR7‐ and TLR9‐mediated type I interferon production by targeting IRF7

Toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR9 sense viral nucleic acids and induce type I IFN production, which must be properly controlled to avoid autoimmune diseases. Here, we report the negative regulation of TLR7/9‐mediated type I IFN production by TRIM35. TRIM35 expression is induced by TLR7/9 stimulation and then interacts with IRF7, which is the master regulator of type I IFN response. Furthermore, TRIM35 promotes the K48‐linked ubiquitination of IRF7 and induces its degradation via a proteasome‐dependent pathway. Therefore, TRIM35 is a negative feedback regulator of TLR7/9‐mediated type I IFN production due to its ability to suppress the stability of IRF7.