社会经济地位
心理健康
民族
心理干预
老年学
职业安全与健康
心理学
种族(生物学)
种族与健康
路径分析(统计学)
卫生公平
体力活动
环境卫生
医学
公共卫生
精神科
人口
社会学
统计
性别研究
物理医学与康复
病理
护理部
数学
人类学
作者
Oanh L. Meyer,Laura Castro‐Schilo,Sergio Aguilar‐Gaxiola
标识
DOI:10.2105/ajph.2014.302003
摘要
Objectives. We investigated the underlying mechanisms of the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) on mental health and self-rated health (SRH), and evaluated how these relationships might vary by race/ethnicity, age, and gender. Methods. We analyzed data of 44 921 adults who responded to the 2009 California Health Interview Survey. We used a path analysis to test effects of SES, neighborhood safety, and physical activity on mental health and SRH. Results. Low SES was associated with greater neighborhood safety concerns, which were negatively associated with physical activity, which was then negatively related to mental health and SRH. This model was similar across different racial/ethnic and gender groups, but mean levels in the constructs differed across groups. Conclusions. SES plays an important role in SRH and mental health, and this effect is further nuanced by race/ethnicity and gender. Identifying the psychological (neighborhood safety) and behavioral (physical activity) factors that influence mental health and SRH is critical for tailoring interventions and designing programs that can improve overall health.
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