Poly‐γ‐glutamic Acid

Abstract Introduction Historical Outline Chemical Analysis Chemical Synthesis Molecular Structure Molecular Spring Chemical Modification Esterification Crosslinking Producers Glutamic Acid‐dependent Producers Glutamic Acid‐independent Producers Physiology Nullification of Immunity in Infectious B. anthracis Neutralization of Near‐cell Surface in Alkalophiles Prevention of Drastic Dehydration under High‐saline Conditions in Halophiles Regulation of Osmotic Pressure in Cnidarians Molecular Genetics Encapsulation ( cap ) Genes Poly‐γ‐glutamic Acid Synthesis ( pgs ) Genes Regulatory Genes Biosynthesis Poly‐γ‐glutamic Acid Precursor Biosynthesis Poly‐γ‐glutamic Acid Biosynthesis Biodegradation Occurrence Enzymology Molecular Genetics Applications Potential Applications Biodegradable Plastics and Hydrogels Bioremediation Other Applications Manufacturers Outlook and Perspectives Patents