PREPARATION OF PbS THIN FILMS ON DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION

The CBD method is used to manufacture lead sulfide (PbS) thin films on a variety of substrates. The XRD results demonstrate that all of the PbS thin films made using the CBD approach are polycrystalline in character. PbS thin films on Quartz, ITO, and FTO in this instance were formed preferentially along the (2 0 0) plane. According to FESEM micrographs, all of the created PbS thin films are uniform, continuous, and cover the whole region without any pinholes or cracks. Furthermore, all of the samples’ FESEM micrographs showed that the irregular nanosized grains had coagulated to form larger globular formations. PbS layers formed on FTO, ITO, Quartz, SI, and Polymer substrates are gathered in AFM pictures. The optical mode is separated into a transverse optical (TO) mode, observed at 65[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], and a longitudinal optic (LO) mode, observed at 201[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] and 205[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], based on the Raman investigation. The bandgap indicated by surface and film structure provides an explanation for this result. Higher bandgap values are found in PbS films on quartz substrates compared to other substrates.