领域
大洪水
社区复原力
脆弱性(计算)
背景(考古学)
心理弹性
弹性(材料科学)
贫穷
社会学
不平等
当地社区
地理
环境规划
经济增长
政治学
社会经济学
心理学
经济
资源(消歧)
社会心理学
数学分析
物理
热力学
考古
法学
计算机科学
计算机安全
数学
计算机网络
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.habitatint.2015.08.004
摘要
This paper critiques the concept of urban community resilience by making a comparison of a flood disaster in two very different cities, Dhaka in Bangladesh and Brisbane in Australia. Community resilience is a concept that has emerged in the social sciences from ecological literature as a way of assessing and measuring the ability of communities to respond to and adapt following a disaster. In the literature the term ‘resilience’ is well defined, but ‘community’ is often presented as unproblematic. The flood recovery in Brisbane was the result of a strong public realm, strong institutions and a relatively low level of social inequality, with local community as a desirable, but not necessary, feature. In Dhaka the presence of strong local community was of little help to residents already living in absolute poverty; it is difficult to be resilient if its measure is decreasing long-term vulnerability. The absence of these city-wide institutions and a strong public realm meant that the poor in Dhaka were isolated; fated to rely on their own meagre resources. In neither case could resilience or the lack of it, be explained by local community. The effects of a trauma such as a flood cannot be understood by making general assumptions about communities as ‘stand alone’ phenomena with essentialised characteristics independent of context in which they are found.
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