Electrochemical sensing of fluoroquinolone antibiotics

This review summarizes the recent and updated development of the fluoroquinolone antibiotics electrochemical detection. This research topic has gained attention only in the last 10 years and coincides with the increasing awareness about the antimicrobial resistance. Provided classification is based on the detection mechanisms or the type of an applied electrified interface decoration (if any) and includes sensing at non-modified solid electrodes, electrodes decorated with nano-, bio-, carbon-based or polymeric materials and finally soft junctions in a form of the electrified liquid-liquid interfaces or polymeric membranes. The most promising sensing examples exhibiting superior electroanalytical performance are underlined. We finish this work by concluding remarks where we stress out the existing gap that should shape future development.