Activated carbon fibers derived from waste textiles for the removal of lead ions from water

Activated carbon fibers (ACFs) demonstrate exceptional performance across a range of applications, including environmental remediation and energy storage. However, significant challenges, such as high production costs and low yield, hinder their widespread adoption. In light of the substantial global generation and inefficient recycling of textile waste, this study aimed to enhance resource valorization and promote environmental sustainability through the conversion of waste textiles into activated carbon fibers (W-ACFs). The research successfully synthesized W-ACFs, which exhibit physical and chemical properties comparable to those of commercial activated carbon fibers (C-ACFs). When applied to the adsorption removal of lead ions in water, W-ACFs showed similar lead ion adsorption efficiency to C-ACFs at low concentrations. Although the adsorption capacity of W-ACFs reached approximately 70% (adsorption capacity of nearly 62 mg g −1 ) of that of C-ACFs at high initial concentrations, it nonetheless exhibited significant application potential. The production efficiency and adsorption performance of W-ACFs were further enhanced by optimizing key preparation parameters, including pre-oxidation temperature, carbonization activation temperature, and the dosage of chemical activating agents. This research not only provides an effective adsorbent material for water treatment but also introduces a novel approach to waste recycling and environmental remediation, thereby achieving the dual objectives of economic efficiency and environmental protection.