A Wireless Implantable Potentiostat for Programmable Electrochemical Drug Delivery

Implantable drug delivery systems can enable targeted, personalized, and on-demand treatments while minimizing the risk of side effects. In this work, we present an ultrasonically powered implantable potentiostat with bidirectional communication for programmable electrochemically controlled drug delivery. The system consists of piezoelectric transducers for wireless power and data, a 180 nm CMOS integrated circuit, and a custom drug delivery module containing drug-loaded electroresponsive nanoparticles. The chip includes power and downlink data recovery circuits for simultaneous power and data transfer up to 50 kbps, a programmable wide-range potentiostat capable of providing potentials up to ±1.5 V and sensing current up to ±100 µA, and a 125 kbps data transmitter. Wirelessly powered and controlled fluorescein release is used to demonstrate the drug delivery system.