Prospective In Vivo Assays on the Antithrombotic Potential of Protease Extracted from Bacillus sp. HSFI-12

CVD (cardiovascular disease) is a group of non-communicable diseases and a global cause of cardiovascular death.The search for gents inhibiting blood clot formation (thrombus) and enhancing antithrombotic activity are important for the prevention and treatment of CVD.Previous study reported that bacteria isolated from fermented intestine of Holothuria scabra produced protease enzyme with high antithrombotic activity in vitro.Among bacterial strains producing thrombolytic proteases isolates from H. scabra is Bacillus sp.HSFI-12.This review study summarized in vivo antithrombotic assays conducted proteases developed as antithrombosis agent worldwide in the last decade.The study specifically targeting the potential of bacterial protease as antithrombosis agent tested on rats or mice as animal models.The aim was to oversee the trend of antithrombotic assays and their induction agents mainly used in the in vivo studies using rats of mice as testing animals.The results were then used to recommend the most suitable antithrombotic assays to evaluate in vivo antithrombotic activities of protease from Bacillus sp.HSFI-12 on rats of mice and the most suitable material to induce these testing animals with thrombosis.Based on the findings of this literature review, an in vivo study to develop an antithrombosis agent from Bacillus sp.protease is known to be feasible.Following the in vitro study of HSFI-12, that demonstrated competitive thrombolytic activity.The recommended assays to be conducted in the prospective in vivo study include the measurement of Thrombus Infarct Length (TIL), Bleeding Time (BT), Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT), and Prothrombin Time (PT).The recommended material for thrombosis induction is carrageenan, while the recommended administration of antithrombotic enzyme to animal model is by intravenous intervention on tail rather than oral treatment.