Defective porphyrin-based metal-organic framework nanosheets derived from V2CTx MXene as a robust bioplatform for impedimetric aptasensing 17β-estradiol

An electrochemical aptasensor was prepared for the efficient, sensitive, and selective detection of 17β-estradiol. The sensor was based on a defective two-dimensional porphyrin-based metal–organic framework derived from V2CTx MXene. The resulting metal–organic framework nanosheets benefited from the advantages of V2CTx MXene nanosheets and porphyrin-based metal–organic framework, two-dimensional porphyrin-based metal–organic framework nanosheets demonstrated amplified electrochemical response and enhanced aptamer-immobilization ability compared with V2CTx MXene nanosheets. The sensor's detection limit was ultralow at 0.81 fg mL−1 (2.97 fM), and the 17β-estradiol concentration range was wide, thereby outperforming most reported aptasensors. The high selectivity, superior stability and reproducibility, and excellent regeneration performance of the constructed aptasensor indicated its remarkable potential application for 17β-estradiol determination in diverse real samples. This aptasensing strategy can be used to analyze other targets by replacing the corresponding aptamer.