抗生素
生物
抗生素耐药性
微生物群
微生物学
青霉素
头孢西丁
基因组
肠道菌群
金霉素
生物技术
细菌
基因
遗传学
免疫学
金黄色葡萄球菌
作者
Torey Looft,Timothy A. Johnson,Heather K. Allen,Darrell O. Bayles,David P. Alt,Robert D. Stedtfeld,Woo Jun Sul,Tiffany M. Stedtfeld,Benli Chai,James R. Cole,Syed A. Hashsham,James M. Tiedje,Thad B. Stanton
标识
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1120238109
摘要
Antibiotics have been administered to agricultural animals for disease treatment, disease prevention, and growth promotion for over 50 y. The impact of such antibiotic use on the treatment of human diseases is hotly debated. We raised pigs in a highly controlled environment, with one portion of the littermates receiving a diet containing performance-enhancing antibiotics [chlortetracycline, sulfamethazine, and penicillin (known as ASP250)] and the other portion receiving the same diet but without the antibiotics. We used phylogenetic, metagenomic, and quantitative PCR-based approaches to address the impact of antibiotics on the swine gut microbiota. Bacterial phylotypes shifted after 14 d of antibiotic treatment, with the medicated pigs showing an increase in Proteobacteria (1-11%) compared with nonmedicated pigs at the same time point. This shift was driven by an increase in Escherichia coli populations. Analysis of the metagenomes showed that microbial functional genes relating to energy production and conversion were increased in the antibiotic-fed pigs. The results also indicate that antibiotic resistance genes increased in abundance and diversity in the medicated swine microbiome despite a high background of resistance genes in nonmedicated swine. Some enriched genes, such as aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferases, confer resistance to antibiotics that were not administered in this study, demonstrating the potential for indirect selection of resistance to classes of antibiotics not fed. The collateral effects of feeding subtherapeutic doses of antibiotics to agricultural animals are apparent and must be considered in cost-benefit analyses.
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