Research trends of piezoelectric materials in neurodegenerative disease applications

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and huntington's disease, pose significant threats to human health, with current treatment options remaining limited. Piezoelectric materials, known for their ability to convert mechanical energy into electrical signals at the nanoscale, hold great promise in the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases due to their excellent electromechanical properties, environmental stability, and sensitivity. This review systematically outlines the working principles and classifications of piezoelectric materials. Subsequently, the recent advances in piezoelectric materials and their applications in the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and perspectives regarding the development of future piezoelectric materials are discussed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive reference for the further application of piezoelectric materials in neurodegenerative diseases.