The role of gut microbiota and probiotics in managing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) represent a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality globally, impacting around 10% of pregnant women. This review investigates the intricate interplay between gut microbiota and HDP, focusing on how changes in microbial composition may affect blood pressure control. Recent research suggests that dysbiosis, marked by diminished microbial diversity and alterations in specific bacterial communities, correlates with hypertension. The potential of probiotic supplementation as a therapeutic approach to restore gut health, improve metabolic processes and alleviate hypertension symptoms during pregnancy is highlighted. The review outlines various mechanisms by which gut microbiota may help reduce HDP symptoms, particularly through the production of short-chain fatty acids known for their anti-inflammatory effects. Although the findings are encouraging, additional studies are required to comprehensively elucidate the roles of different bacterial species in blood pressure regulation and to validate probiotics as a standard treatment for HDP.