Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorders

This chapter provides an overview of evidence-based treatment practices for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) across the lifespan and explores the diverse contexts in which these treatments can be effectively delivered. Our particular focus is on evidence-based practices which have been demonstrated through research to lead to positive outcomes for individuals with ASD. Key goals for treatment are identified across different stages of development including treatments aimed at developing early communication and play skills in toddlers, supporting academic participation and forming peer relationships later in childhood, building academic, social, and pre-vocational skills in adolescence, and enhancing independent living, employment, and financial management in adulthood. The importance of treatment delivery in natural environments and of caregiver and stakeholder involvement is described. Treatments that foster independence and promote quality of life for individuals with ASD by incorporating person-centered, strengths-based approaches for the development of meaningful skills are emphasized.