Green Synthesis Design, Spectroscopic Characterizations, and Biological Activities of Novel Pyrrole Derivatives: An Application to Evaluate Their Toxic Effect on Cotton Aphids

Abstract Green synthesis design and spectroscopic characterizations of novel pyrrole derivatives ( 1 – 6 ) with insecticidal bioefficacy have been achieved. The toxic effect using a leaf dip bioassay method was used to assess the insecticidal bioefficacy of six ecofriendly‐synthesized pyrrole derivatives. The results demonstrated the significant insecticide effect of the proposed compounds against cotton aphids, after 24 hours of application. All these compounds ( 1 – 6 ) showed promising results against cotton aphids especially compound 4 with an LC 50 of 0.04 ppm which had a higher activity compared to a commercial reference of Chlorfenapyr deadly agent used for cotton aphids. The biological activity profile of these compounds, using Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay, antimicrobial activities against four gram‐positive bacteria, and antifungal activities against a yeast‐like fungus, in comparison with well‐known antimicrobial and antifungal referenced standards were evaluated and confirmed. The results revealed that some of these compounds showed antibacterial activities against bacterial species known to plant pathogenic. Additional investigation of the newly obtained derivatives was performed and discussed in this research work through computational tools to give better insights into the possible protein targets of these new analogues.