Tunable topological domain structures in high-density PbTiO3 nanodots array

In this work, we demonstrated that tunable topological domain structures, e.g., center-type domains and skyrmion-like polar bubbles, can be generated at room temperature in high-density epitaxial PbTiO3 nanodots fabricated via the template-assisted tailoring of thin films. These topological domain structures can be manipulated electrically by applying an appropriate bias on the conductive atomic force microscopy tip, allowing for writing, erasing, and rewriting of topological domains into the nanodot. Moreover, ring-shaped conductive channels are observed around the center-type domain states. These findings provide a playground for further exploring their emerging functionalities and application potentials for nanoelectronics.