Dendrimers as multi-purpose nanodevices for oncology drug delivery and diagnostic imaging

树枝状大分子 纳米技术 纳米医学 药物输送 生物相容性 癌症影像学 材料科学 化学 生物医学工程 癌症 医学 纳米颗粒 内科学 高分子化学 冶金
作者
Donald A. Tomalia,L.A. Reyna,Sönke Svenson
出处
期刊:Biochemical Society Transactions [Portland Press]
卷期号:35 (1): 61-67 被引量:475
标识
DOI:10.1042/bst0350061
摘要

Dendrimers are routinely synthesized as tuneable nanostructures that may be designed and regulated as a function of their size, shape, surface chemistry and interior void space. They are obtained with structural control approaching that of traditional biomacromolecules such as DNA/RNA or proteins and are distinguished by their precise nanoscale scaffolding and nanocontainer properties. As such, these important properties are expected to play an important role in the emerging field of nanomedicine. This review will describe progress on the use of these features for both targeted diagnostic imaging and drug-delivery applications. Recent efforts have focused on the synthesis and pre-clinical evaluation of a multipurpose STARBURST® PAMAM (polyamidoamine) dendrimer prototype that exhibits properties suitable for use as: (i) targeted, diagnostic MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)/NIR (near-IR) contrast agents, (ii) and/or for controlled delivery of cancer therapies. Special emphasis will be placed on the lead candidate, namely [core: 1,4-diaminobutane; G (generation)=4.5], [dendri-PAMAM(CO2Na)64]. This dendritic nanostructure (i.e. ∼5.0 nm diameter) was selected on the basis of a very favourable biocompatibility profile [The Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory (NCL), an affiliate of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), has completed extensive in vitro studies on the lead compound and have found it to be very benign, non-immunogenic and highly biocompatible], the expectation that it will exhibit desirable mammalian kidney excretion properties and demonstrated targeting features.

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