霸权维系条件及对其制衡的意义——以美国为例/The Conditions and Importance of Maintaining and Containing Hegemony – The Case of the United States

长期以来，霸权研究都是国际关系研究中的一个核心问题，霸权在国际体系中扮演了非常重要的角色。但在新的时代背景下，霸权研究应该超越“霸权稳定伦”和“霸权兴衰论”的束缚，更加关注其维系的真正原因。通过对于美国实例分析，霸权能够维系的两个重要条件是强大的自我调整与修复能力和让外界对其产生依赖的能力。这两种能力可以使霸权延缓衰落，但霸权始终难以摆脱最终走向衰亡的历史规律。在全球化时代，霸权和崛起大国之间可以摆脱现实主义理论的束缚，在良性竞争基础上，实现和平共处与务实合作。基于这一逻辑，中国在现行的国际政治经济体系中能够扮演好霸权制衡者和监督者的角色。 Generally, studies on hegemony are some of core subjects in international relations. Hegemony plays a very important role in the international system. In the new era, hegemony studies should go beyond the hegemonic stability theory and rise and fall of hegemony theory. Finding out the causes of hegemony’s existence seems more important. Based on an analysis of American hegemony, the two vital leverages for hegemony are capability of self-adjustment and amendment and making others dependent on it, which can postpone the fall of hegemony. But no hegemony can get rid of the natural law. On the background of economic globalization, hegemony and rising power can coexist, compete positively and cooperate by excluding the influence of traditional theories. Based on this logic, China may actively be a balancer and supervisor to the hegemony in the international system.