Clinical research and trials involve healthy and diseased people who volunteer to participate in the study. Clinical trials are performed by administering the investigational new drug (IND) to study participants. A significant number of study participants are recruited, and the trials usually involve more than one site. The trial subjects are closely monitored during the study. The participant samples are regularly collected and tested to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the IND. Clinical trials are generally carried out at multiple trial sites involving different medical establishments. Each trial site may be equipped with a laboratory to process the participant samples. However, to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the results generated from the clinical trials, it is essential to perform all the testing in a central laboratory rather than in the local laboratories located at different clinical trial sites.