Weekend warrior physical activity pattern is associated with lower depression risk: Findings from NHANES 2007–2018

This study aimed to explore the association between weekend warrior physical activity (PA) pattern and depression risk in American adults. Data of adults (n = 21,125) from NHANES 2007–2018 were used. Adults were categorized into 4 PA patterns (inactive, insufficiently active, weekend warrior, and regularly active) by self-reported PA levels. Participant characteristics in different groups were tested using the Rao & Scott adjusted χ2 test. Multivariate logistic regression models with adjustment for demographics data, behavioral factors and health condition were used to explore the association between PA patterns and depression risk. Finally, interaction analyses were conducted to test if the associations differ by gender, age, race, education level, income level and marital status. Multivariate logistic regression models showed that insufficiently active, weekend warrior and regularly active adults had 31% (OR: 0.69, 95%CI:0.54–0.88), 57% (OR: 0.43, 95%CI:0.25–0.74) and 54% (OR: 0.46, 95%CI:0.39–0.54) reduced depression risk when compared with inactive adults, respectively. When compared with regularly active adults, inactive (OR: 2.188, 95%CI:1.842–2.600) and insufficiently active (OR: 1.505, 95%CI:1.159–1.955) adults had elevated depression risk, but no significant difference was found between weekend warrior (OR: 0.949, 95%CI:0.538–1.675) and regularly active adults. Moreover, the associations did not differ by demographic variables. This study showed that adults who engaged in either regularly active pattern or weekend warrior pattern, experienced lower risk of depression compared to inactive adults. Weekend warrior and regularly active patterns showed similar benefits for lowering depression risk in adults, encouraging adults to take up PA in limited sessions.