Development and industrialization progress of solid oxide cell in China

In China, the large-scale coal-based fossil fuel consumption causes serious carbon emissions and environmental problems. There is an urgent need for China to develop innovative energy conversion and storage device in order to address the energy and environmental problems. A solid oxide cell (SOC) which can be operated in both fuel cell (SOFC) and electrolysis cell (SOEC) modes is a promising technology. It has been extensively studied during the past few decades and currently in the system demonstration and validation stage in China. This work comprehensively reviews the current status of SOC industry in China from materials, single cell/stack to system, revealing their superiorities and challenges, and prospects the future application scenarios and development trends of SOC.