Collaborative optimization method of electric heavy truck cluster participating in energy-frequency market

Under the requirement of low-carbon transformation in transportation, electric heavy truck (EHT) is gradually becoming the mainstream vehicle type for logistics transportation. EHT has a high charging power and a concentrated charging area, which has the potential to provide fast frequency regulation services for the power grid. To address the gaps in existing research on the friendly interaction between EHT and the power grid, research is conducted on the collaborative optimization of EHT cluster participation in the energy-frequency market. By introducing the power fluctuation limiting constant, an optimization model for the EHT response boundary is established based on historical order data. This model evaluates the aggregated response capability of the EHT cluster, which is independent of the formulation of baseline power and effectively controls battery losses. With the goal of maximizing the net revenue of the EHT cluster, a collaborative optimization is conducted for its participation in the energy-frequency market. This optimization supports the declaration of baseline power and frequency regulation capacity for each response period by EHT aggregator the next day. The effectiveness of the model is validated using actual data from a charging station in a logistics park in Hebei, China, providing a reference for the bidding strategy of EHT clusters participating in the energy-frequency market.