A Hg(II)-specific probe for imaging application in living systems and quantitative analysis in environmental/food samples

Abstract Mercury ions are highly toxic and can accumulate along food chains in water, soil, crops and animals. Effective detection of mercury ions in various media is of great significance for maintaining the ecological environment and protecting people’s health. In this work, a mercury ions specific fluorescent probe was developed by a simple one-step reaction of commercial substrates of 4-chloro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole and 1-(2-aminoethyl)-4-methylpiperazine. Investigation on sensing behavior showed that this probe had high sensitivity and selectivity towards mercury ions. Furthermore, this probe could be used as a tool to track the level of mercury ions in living system. In living cells, the probe with green emission emitted a bright red fluorescence when it was bound to mercury ions. In Arabidopsis thaliana, similar red emission could be detected from the root tip and stalk when A. thaliana was grown in culture medium containing mercury ions. The imaging in zebrafish showed that mercury ions were mainly concentrated in the stomach and head of zebrafish. Especially, this probe could be applied in quantitative analysis of mercury ions in tap water, green tea, sea shrimp and soil. This work provided a practical tool for the detection of mercury ions in living systems and quantitative analysis in real samples.