Advances in the treatment of ocular surface diseases by amniotic membrane

Amniotic membrane is a common auxiliary material used in the treatment of eye diseases. With the development of tissue engineering, new amniotic membrane preparations based on amniotic membrane (such as amniotic membrane eye drops, cross-linked amnion, drug amnion and amniotic cell culture vectors) not only retain the histopathological characteristics of amnion (such as low immunogenicity, promotion of epithelial formation, anti-fibrosis and anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis, antibacterial, etc.), also confers new and excellent characteristics of amniotic membrane, making amniotic membrane more convenient and effective in the treatment of ocular surface diseases(such as acute or chronic chemical eye burns, persistent epithelial defect, foamy keratopathy, corneal and scleral ulcer, etc.), showing a broad prospects for clinical application. (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2019, 43: 94-99) Key words: amnion membrane; ocular surface disease